The
1954 Cadillac Park Avenue concept was a four-door pillarless fiberglass
sedan built on the 133-inch wheelbase chassis of the 60 Special series
and was presented at the 1954 GM Motorama at the Waldorf Astoria in New
York City.
Today is National Collector Car Day and eBay Motors
is celebrating by auctioning off a GM Futurliner. We worked with the
company to assemble this list of the ten most expensive vintage cars
ever sold on eBay. Bids start at $700K.
10.) 1971 Ferrari Daytona 365 GTB/4-A
Auctioned For: $700,000
Details:
There were only a handful of race-prepped 365 GTB/4-A Daytonas that
came from the factory- 14 in total, over three production runs in three
years. They had winglets along the front fenders and flared wheel
arches, as well as approximately 400 pounds less wight to carry around.
Because this car is from the first batch from the factory, it retains
the road car’s 352 horsepower V12 (later cars got upwards of 450
horses). Even with their extensive diets (which included plexiglass
windows and aluminum and fiberglass body parts) they were still heavier
than their opponents, but surprisingly, more durable. Other Daytonas
placed as high as fourth in the 1971 Tour de France and 12th at Sebring
that same year.
Details:
When a change in rules in 1972 made the Porsche 917 prototype suddenly
ineligible, Porsche went headlong into the World Sportscar
Championship’s new Group 4 GT class. There, the company’s 911 would face
down a major rival in the Ferrari 365 GTB Daytona Competizione. The 911
racecar had to be robust and fast, and Porsche engineers responded with
a 2.8-liter boxer six producing 300hp (soon to be replaced by a 310hp
3.0 liter), fitted to a a purpose-built race 911 called the Carrera RSR.
With drivers Peter Gregg and Hurley Haywood, the RSR owned the 1973
Daytona 24 hour race — prototypes and all — the 12 Hours of Sebring, and
just about everything else.
Details: Mercedes-Benz 600 Pullmans were owned by Hugh Hefner, Elvis, Jack Nicholson, Coco Chanel, John Lennon, and now, one lucky eBay
bidder. Because of their exceptional size and weight, these cars did
away with the usual Mercedes six cylinder engine for a V8 motor that
displaced 6.3 liters. No two Pullmans are exactly alike: all feature
wood-paneled chauffeur’s compartments up front, but the passenger
compartments in the rear were built to each buyer’s custom
specifications. The car sold on eBay was one of just 2,677 built.
Details:
This 1953 Rolls-Royce features a one-off custom alloy body by H.J.
Mulliner. It’s smaller in size than a comparable Silver Wraith of the
same year, and the regular models share their chassis and bodies with
Bentley Type Rs of the same vintage. It had a 4.6 liter inline-six
engine mated to an automatic four-speed gearbox. It was originally
ordered by Texaco attorney Howard Kizer, whose family helped finance the
construction of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. During the Silver
Dawn’s six year lifespan, 760 were produced.
Details:
1967 was the second year of production for Ferrari’s new 4-cam V12
engine. It produced an even 300 horsepower and could propel the GTB/4 to
somewhere in the vicinity of 165 miles per hour. This was also the
first Ferrari offered from the factory without wire wheels, opting
instead for competition-inspired alloy wheels. Unfortunately, many
owners replaced these with more traditional wires after the fact. It
regularly places well on lists of the best sports cars of the 1960’s,
and we can’t help but agree.
Details:
1967 was the end of the line for the Sting Ray, but by then it had
reached its development peak. These are considered the best of the
C2-generation Corvettes for a number of reasons which include: cleaner,
more refined styling, Rally wheels instead of wheel covers, and the
very-nearly-racing-spec L88 engine option. The L88 was factory rated to
produce 430 horsepower, though in reality that number was closer to 560.
When buyers checked the L88 box on the order form, they were required
to check another few boxes as well, including a Positraction
differential, beefed-up suspension and brakes, and radio and heater
delete. These cars were very much barely street-legal race cars, and the
public knew it, only ordering 20 in 1967.
Details:
Whoever originally bought this car knew they were getting something
special, and rare. Only 652 Hemi ‘Cudas were built in 1970, and this one
was sold with only 76 original miles on the clock. It has the legendary
Mopar 426 Hemi V8 under the hood, and puts down 425 horsepower.
Details:We covered
this famous Alfa Romeo when it went across the virtual block in 2009.
It has an illustrious past, having raced in the Mille Miglia, with
professional chauffeur Ercole Boratto at the wheel. Who did Mr. Boratto
usually drive around in the car, you ask? None other than the car’s
original owner, Benito Mussolini. So not only do you get an extremely
rare, vintage race car, you get a part of history.
2.) 1933 Duesenberg SJ Speedster
Auctioned For: $2,600,000
Details:
Only 36 supercharged versions of Duesenberg’s Model J (hence “SJ”) were
made between 1932 and 1937. They produced 320 horsepower, and were
reported to have been able to do 104 miles per hour in second gear.
About half of all Duesenberg Model Js were bodied in-house, the others
were sent out to different coachbuilders around the world at their
owner’s discretion. No two look alike.
Details:
The 250 California Spyder has pretty much everything you could want in a
Ferrari. Columbo-designed V12 up front, beautiful lines, no roof- the
list goes on and on. This car is a long wheelbase model, making it
slightly larger than the forever famous 250 California of Ferris Bueller
fame. It shares its engine with the 250 Tour de France, with 237
horsepower. A racing version won the GT class at Sebring that year. Only
45 examples were made, with no two exactly alike, before Ferrari
switched production to the short wheelbase model a year later.
As the North American International Auto Show kicks off in Detroit, TIME
and Dan Neil, Pulitzer Prize-winning automotive critic and syndicated
columnist for the Los Angeles Times, look at the greatest lemons of the automotive industry.
The
only Bricklin I ever sat in caught on fire and burned to the axles.
This is notably ironic, since the car's creator — the smooth-talking
Malcolm Bricklin — didn't include an ashtray or lighter in the car, to
discourage smoking. Despite its hand-removing, 100-lb. gullwing doors,
the SV1 was supposed to exemplify the safer car of the future; the name
stands for "Safety Vehicle 1." The bodies were made of brightly colored,
dent-resistant plastic, like PlaySkool furniture. Another safety
feature: incredible, crust-of-the-Earth-cooling slowness. All those
resin panels and compressible bumpers added hundreds of pounds that the
emissions-limited V8's couldn't handle. This thing couldn't outrun the
Rose Bowl Parade. Less than 3,000 of the wedgy
coupes were built, but
Malcolm Bricklin was far from through, as we'll see.
The
1961 Jaguar E-Type was heavenly, a dead-sexy, 150-mph supercar, a
stiletto heel to the heart of any car-loving man. By 1974, it had
morphed into this, this thing. In order to compensate for
power-sapping emissions controls required in the U.S., the car's primary
export market, Jaguar discontinued the reliable 4.2-liter six for an
anchor-heavy 5.3-liter V12, which was a total bitch to try to keep in
tune and made the car nose-heavy besides. Jaguar also discontinued the
elegant fixed-head coupe and offered the car only as a long wheelbase
2+2 or convertible. Imagine taking one of the world's most beautiful
cars and sticking it in a taffy puller. Not finished ruining the lines,
Jag plumped up the fenders, spoiling the smooth, aero-sleek contours of
the original. The piece de resistance, Jag affixed hideous rubber
bumpers — Dagmars, really — in a lame attempt to meet 5-mph bumper
standards. To which car enthusiasts can only say, "You ba@#*&ds!"
CorbisThey
shoot horses, don't they? Well, this is fish in a barrel. Of course the
Pinto goes on the Worst list, but not because it was a particularly bad
car — not particularly — but because it had a rather volatile nature.
The car tended to erupt in flame in rear-end collisions. The Pinto is at
the end of one of autodom's most notorious paper trails, the Ford Pinto
memo , which ruthlessly calculates the cost of reinforcing the rear end
($121 million) versus the potential payout to victims ($50 million).
Conclusion? Let 'em burn.
As
the North American International Auto Show kicks off in Detroit, TIME
and Dan Neil, Pulitzer Prize-winning automotive critic and syndicated
columnist for the Los Angeles Times, look at the greatest lemons of the automotive industry
The
glamorous Imperial marque was, by the late '60s, reduced to a trashy,
pseudo-luxury harlot walking the streets for its pimp, the Chrysler
Corporation. By 1971, only the Imperial LeBaron was left and it shared
the monstrous slab-sided "fuselage" styling of corporate siblings like
the Chrysler New Yorker and the Dodge Monaco. Appearing to have been
hewn from solid blocks of mediocrity, the Imperial LeBaron two-door is
memorable for having some of the longest fenders in history. It was
powered by Chrysler's silly-big 440-cu.-in. V8 and measured over 19 ft.
long. The interior looked like a third-world casino. Here we are
approaching the nadir of American car building — obese,
under-engineered, horribly ugly. Or, it would be the nadir, except for
the abysmal 1980 Chrysler Imperial, which had an engine cursed by God.
The Imperial name was finally overthrown in 1983.
Hulton / GettyAmerican
Motors designer Richard Teague — remember that name — was responsible
for some of the coolest cars of the era. The Gremlin wasn't one of them.
AMC was profoundly in the weeds at the time, and the Gremlin was the
company's attempt to beat Ford and GM to the subcompact punch. To save
time and money, Teague's design team basically whacked off the rear of
the AMC Hornet with a cleaver. The result was one of the most curiously
proportioned cars ever, with a long low snout, long front overhang and a
truncated tail, like the tail snapped off a salamander. Cheap and
incredibly deprived — with vacuum-operated windshield wipers, no less —
the Gremlin was also awful to drive, with a heavy six-cylinder motor and
choppy, unhappy handling due to the loss of suspension travel in the
back. The Gremlin was quicker than other subcompacts but, alas, that
only meant you heard the jeers and laughter that much sooner.
www.swankpad.orgRear-engine
cars are fun to drive and even more fun to crash. While rear-engine
packaging offers enormous advantages, putting the vehicle's heaviest
component behind the rear axle gives cars a distinct tendency to spin
out, sort of like an arrow weighted at the end. During World War II,
Nazi officers in occupied Czechoslovakia were banned from driving the
speedy rear-engined Tatras because so many had been killed behind the
wheel. Chevrolet execs knew the Corvair — a lithe and lovely car with an
air-cooled, flat-six in the back, a la the VW Beetle — was a handful,
but they declined to spend the few dollars per car to make the
swing-axle rear suspension more manageable. Ohhh, they came to regret
that. Ralph Nader put the smackdown on GM in his book Unsafe at Any Speed,
also noting that the Corvair's single-piece steering column could
impale the driver in a front collision. Ouch! Meanwhile, the Corvair had
other problems. It leaked oil like a derelict tanker. Its heating
system tended to pump noxious fumes into the cabin. It was offered for a
while with a gasoline-burner heater located in the front "trunk," a
common but dangerously dumb accessory at the time. Even so, my family
had a Corvair, white with red interior, and we loved it.
Keystone / GettyA
vehicle that promised to revolutionize drowning, the Amphicar was the
peacetime descendant of the Nazi Schwimmwagen (say it out loud — it's fun!).
The standard line is that the Amphicar was both a lousy car and a lousy
boat, but it certainly had its merits. It was reasonably agile on land,
considering, and fairly maneuverable on water, if painfully slow, with a
top speed of 7 mph. Its single greatest demerit — and this is a big one
— was that it wasn't particularly watertight. Its flotation was
entirely dependent on whether the bilge pump could keep up with the
leakage. If not, the Amphicar became the world's most aerodynamic
anchor. Even so, a large number of the nearly 4,000 cars built between
1961 and 1968 are still on the road/water. In fact, during the recent
floods in Britain, an Amphicar enthusiast served as a water taxi,
bringing water and groceries to a group of stranded schoolkids. Bully!
Fiberglass
was the '50/s carbon fiber — tough, versatile, lighter than steel and
more affordable than aluminum. The Kaiser Darrin and Corvette sports
cars were wrapped in fiberglass bodies, for instance. Colin Chapman, the
founding engineer of Lotus, was bonkers for weight savings. It was
inevitable that he would be drawn to the material. And so, the Elite.
Weighing just 1,100 lbs and powered by a punchy, 75-hp Coventry Climax
engine, the Elite (Type 14) was a successful race car, winning its class
at the 24 Hours of Le Mans six times. It was also a lovely little
coupe, which made the moment when the suspension mounts punched through
the stressed-skin monocoque all the more pathetic. The unreinforced
fiberglass couldn't take the structural strain. In Chapman's cars,
failure was always an option.
That's why we're all here, right? To celebrate E Day, the date 50 years
ago when Ford took one of the autodom's most hilarious pratfalls. But
why? It really wasn't that bad a car. True, the car was kind of homely,
fuel thirsty and too expensive, particularly at the outset of the late
'50s recession. But what else? It was the first victim of Madison Avenue
hyper-hype. Ford's marketing mavens had led the public to expect some
plutonium-powered, pancake-making wondercar; what they got was a
Mercury. Cultural critics speculated that the car was a flop because the
vertical grill looked like a vagina. Maybe. America in the '50s was
certainly phobic about the female business. How did the Edsel come to be
synonymous with failure? All of the above, consolidated into an
irrational groupthink and pressurized by a joyously catty media.
Interestingly, it was Ford President Robert McNamara who convinced the
board to bail out of the Edsel project; a decade later, it was McNamara,
then Secretary of Defense, who couldn't bring himself to quit the
disaster of Vietnam, even though he knew a lemon when he saw one.
The King Midget story reminds us what a middle-class nation the U.S. was
in the '50's. Claud Dry and Dale Orcutt, of Athens, Ohio, buddies from
the Civil Air Patrol, wanted to sell bare-boned utility car that anybody
could afford, unlike that bloody elitist peacenik Henry Ford with his
fancy Model T. King Midget's cars made the Model T look like a Bugatti
Royale. In the late 1940's, they began offering the single-seat Model I
as a home-built, $500 kit, containing the frame, axles and sheetmetal
patterns, so that the body panels could be fabricated by local
tradesmen. Any single-cylinder engine would power it. The result was a
truly crap-tastic little vehicle, the four-wheel equivalent to those
Briggs-and-Stratton powered minibikes. Amazingly, Midget Motors
continued to develop and sell mini-cars until the late 1960's. The crown
jewel was the Model III, introduced in 1957, a little folded-steel
crackerbox powered by a 9-hp motor. Government safety standards, at long
last, put the King Midget out of our misery.
The most ineffective bit of French engineering since the Maginot Line,
the Renault Dauphine was originally to be named the Corvette, tres ironie.
It was, in fact, a rickety, paper-thin scandal of a car that, if you
stood beside it, you could actually hear rusting. Its most salient
feature was its slowness, a rate of acceleration you could measure with a
calendar. It took the drivers at Road and Track 32 seconds to
reach 60 mph, which would put the Dauphine at a severe disadvantage in
any drag race involving farm equipment. The fact that the ultra-cheap,
super-sketchy Dauphine sold over 2 million copies around the world is an
index of how desperately people wanted cars. Any cars.
The first sports car produced in postwar America was a major hunk of
junk. Actually, at 1,100 lbs and 145 in. long, the Crosley Hotshot was a
minor hunk of junk, but at least it was slow and dangerous. A
wondrously mangled and compacted Hotshot can be glimpsed in the 1961
driver's ed scare film Mechanized Death. The Hotshot was the work
of consumer products pioneer Powel Crosley Jr., of Cincinnati, he of
Crosley radio fame. But what he really wanted to do was build cars,
which he did with middling failure until the doors closed in 1952. A
Hotshot actually won the "index of performance" — an honor for the best
speed for its displacement — at the 1950 Six Hours of Sebring, puttering
around at an average of 52 mph. What killed the Hotshot was its engine,
a dual-overhead cam .75-liter four cylinder, not cast in iron but
brazed together from pieces of stamped tin. When these brazed welds let
go, as they often did, things quickly got noisy, and hot.
Ever hear about a Commander Attilio Gatti and his "jungle yachts?"
Picture a couple of streamlined semi-trailers, set up as luxury living
quarters, cruising Darkest Africa in 1938 to 1940.
Here's a picture of one of the rigs on its way from the International Harvester factory where they were built, to New York City.
It appears that the truck and trailer are joined with some sort of flexible skin.
This image is from the website of the Wisconsin Historical Society, which has lots more pictures of these unique vehicles.
Italian
explorer Attilio Gatti cruised the Congo in elaborate “jungle yachts”
during his 10th expedition to Africa between 1938 and 1940. As a sponsor
of Gatti’s excursions, International Harvester took on the task of
building these innovative luxury trailers, which were pulled by an
International DS-30 tractor.
When
joined together, the 40-foot-long trucks connected to make a five-room
apartment with a tiled bathroom, a living room and an electric
kitchen—creating a luxurious living space on wheels for Gatti and his
wife. Another International D-15 vehicle “served as a permanent home for
$35,000 worth of sound, photo and movie material,” according to an
April 1940 edition of Harvester World.
“On
our automotive power hangs the success of our venture in Africa,” Gatti
said. “I let experience decide and took all International Trucks. I
know they will give us great service.” And they did, inspiring
International Harvester to sponsor another expedition in 1947 and ’48.
- See more at: http://www.internationaltrucks.com/trucks/experience/internationalattiliogatti#sthash.pv7cVqkg.dpuf
The Jungle Yacht by International Harvester was created for and used by Italian explorer Commander Attilio Gatti and his wife, who both traveled extensively to the African Congo. According to Hemmings Blog,
he used the Jungle Yacht as a deluxe apartment “for his 1937-1940 (his
10th) and 1947 (his 11th) expeditions” and “equipped them quite
lavishly.”
Gattis expedition used two similar vehicles, designed by Count Alexis
de Sakhnoffsky, built in 1937 International Harvester D-35 chassis, was
just over 13.4 feet long and weighed their courageous 9 tons. When used
together at the camp they formed a luxurious five room living and was
of course the heart of the expedition into the unexplored British
Africa.
While still many common home lacked electricity as there was here and
there was even air conditioning. Although the workshop, photo lab and
Gattis loved amateur radio station was on the equipment list. The
electricity is supplied by a 110 volt generator that was mounted behind
the cab on the cars. The stream was also used to provide a 4500 volt
electric fence that was put up to protect the expedition against attacks
from wild animals with force.
But even the glamor around the explorers couple must have been
startling. With your own Batman, it was probably not the couple Gatti
who handled the daily chores without any time could be used for the
expedition exploration.
Many of our readers will recall the glamorous “Jungle Yachts” of
1938-40-the elaborate trailers, streamlined as units with International
truck chassis, which served as the nucleus of the 10th Gatti-African
Expedition. In that supposedly “final” venture Commander Gatti and his
gallant wife toured the Belgian Congo.
The Jungle Yachts, joined together in camp as a de luxe 5-room
apartment on wheels, served as headquarters while the expedition ‘s
personnel sought out the secrets of the dim heart of Africa. The story
of that expedition was told in an International Harvester motion picture
which bas been shown to three million people, and also in various
illustrated volumes written by the Gattis; Kamanda, Killers AII, and
South of the Sahara, published by McBride; Saranga, the Pygmy,
serialized by the Ladies’ Home Journal and issued in book form by
Charles Scribner’s Song; Here is Africa, Meditrrranean Spotlights, and
Here is the Veld, published by Scribner’s.
The blogger Rusty Blaze Hoff has compiled the info on their web
http://laughingsquid.com/the-Lavish-jungle-yacht-by-international-harvester/.
Visit it often and read the original text in English ..
Here's a blast from the past that should have had a much larger impact;
instead it's almost unknown. It was built on a 1937 REO chassis, a truck
manufacturer in Lansing, Michigan. Plume is an Australian oil company,
so I assume it was an Australian design. Can our Aussie friends tell us
more about this wonderful device?
This first image is fairly well known,
the others were very difficult to turn up. What is the monument by the
truck?
Folding House Becomes a Streamline Trailer
For
the motoring tourist who wants to carry his home along but wants no
bulky trailer blocking his rear vision from the driver’s seat, a folding
trailer has been developed. When collapsed for driving, it is
streamlined to a point at the rear and is below the rear window of the
car. Yet when open it is spacious enough for comfortable living
quarters, accommodating a double bed and two single beds, stove, sink,
refrigerator, water tank, drawers and cabinets. It is six feet two
inches wide and thirteen feet four inches long. The single bed supports,
when not used for sleeping, form service tables or comfortable side
seats. During the day the double bed is latched to the top, out of the
way. Springs set in the door frame counterbalance the weight and allow
easy opening and closing of the trailer. Four folding legs adjustable
for uneven ground make it steady wherever it is parked.
Car-Trailer Combination
A
radical departure in automobile design is represented by a streamlined
automobile in which the body and frame are integral and which, it is
claimed, increases safety in driving while combining all of the features
of a pleasure car and trailer. The structure is streamlined and is 16
feet long and 6 feet 4 inches wide overall. The inside height is 6 feet 4
inches. The motor is in the rear and operates on the rear wheels. The
car is suspended from variable pitch coil springs and has a cruising
speed of fifty miles an hour. Its floor is 12 inches from the ground and
the road clearance is 9-1/2 inches. This together with improved driver
visibility, it is claimed, makes the car especially safe to drive.
In
another time, a driver used the sleek orange 1970 Plymouth Superbird to
deliver pizzas for a guy named George who dubbed himself the “Pizza
King.” Like many Superbirds back then, it had a reputation as an
unattractive workhorse of a car likely to hang around waiting for the
right suitor to come along. “They were considered ugly back then and
would just sit around dealerships,” said Jack “Crazy Jack” Struller,
whose specialty is digging into the history of vintage cars like the
Superbird.
The
nine cars up for sale today tallied $2.535 million in bids. The money
will go toward paying off some $50 million in restitution owed by David
Nicoll, the former president of Parsippany-based Biodiagnostic
Laboratory Services. In June, Nicoll, 40, pleaded guilty in U.S.
District Court in Newark to running a seven-year-long bribery scheme
that netted $100 million and led to the arrest of 16 doctors.
Prosecutors say Nicoll paid off physicians to get them to send their
patients’ blood specimens to his lab. During its long history, the
marshals have sold off cars, homes, even horses, but never so many
vintage cars “in one fell swoop,” said Juan Mattos, the U.S. Marshal for
New Jersey.
“These were the mean machines built back in the ‘70's
to rule the roads,” Mattos told the crowd before the bidding got
underway at the warehouse for A.J. Willner Auctions. The winning bid for
the Superbird went to Tod Oseid of Big Red Sports Cars in Illinois.
Oseid conceded that at $575,000 he may have paid too much for a car with
more than 63,000 miles on it but was confident he could find a buyer to
put down even more. “There are people who have so much money this would
change their net worth like me buying a cup of coffee,” Oseid said.
John
Ursini of Long Island plunked down $315,000 for a 1969 Chevrolet Yenko
Camaro, one of just 200 manufactured that year. It was Ursini’s first
time at an auction and, after winning the Camaro, was asking Oseid for
help finding someone who could transport the car back to New York. He
said he has plans to “flip” it to a new buyer.“But I’m going to hold
onto it for a while,” Ursini said. The Camaro got its name from Don
Yenko, a race car driver from Pennsylvania who specialized in
customizing Chevrolets with race-ready engines.
Yenko died in 1987
but his daughter, Lynn Yenko, has kept the family’s hand in the
business. She was standing in front of a green 1969 Chevrolet Yenko Nova
that had just sold for $400,000. When it first went on the market it
sold for about $4,500, she said. “That’s some markup,” she joked. The
third Yenko car up for auction today – a 1969 Chevrolet Yenko Chevelle –
sold for $237,500. Looking out at the auction floor she paused to
consider what her father might have thought.
Zero
point two-zero, or better than the Tatra T77 and almost as good as the
GM EV1. That’s the coefficient of drag rating for the 1960 Pininfarina
X, one of the most aerodynamic cars built and one of the oddest, thanks
to its diamond-shaped wheel layout. It also makes it the most
aerodynamically efficient vehicle to cross the block at next month’s
Barrett-Jackson sale.
Other prototypes and even production cars used the unconventional diamond layout over the years. Sunbeam
produced a hundred or so around the turn of the century, Wolseley and
Voisin had each proposed such a vehicle before World War II, and a
California tinkerer named H. Gordon Hansen
designed and built his own Gordon Diamond by 1947, but all for
different reasons. Hansen, for instance, designed his largely as a
safety car and figured that the best way to fit a perimeter bumper to a
car was to rearrange the positions of the wheels.
- See more at:
http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2014/12/24/diamond-layout-1960-pininfarina-x-heads-to-auction/?refer=news#sthash.h6uX0I9W.dpuf
Photos courtesy Barrett-Jackson.
Zero
point two-zero, or better than the Tatra T77 and almost as good as the
GM EV1. That’s the coefficient of drag rating for the 1960 Pininfarina
X, one of the most aerodynamic cars built and one of the oddest, thanks
to its diamond-shaped wheel layout. It also makes it the most
aerodynamically efficient vehicle to cross the block at next month’s
Barrett-Jackson sale.
Other prototypes and even production cars used the unconventional diamond layout over the years. Sunbeam
produced a hundred or so around the turn of the century, Wolseley and
Voisin had each proposed such a vehicle before World War II, and a
California tinkerer named H. Gordon Hansen
designed and built his own Gordon Diamond by 1947, but all for
different reasons. Hansen, for instance, designed his largely as a
safety car and figured that the best way to fit a perimeter bumper to a
car was to rearrange the positions of the wheels.
Alberto Morelli had an entirely different purpose in designing the Pininfarina X, as Karl Ludvigsen wrote in Hemmings Sports & Exotic Car #53.
A professor at Turin’s Polytechnic University, Morelli had a deep
interest in aerodynamics as they applied both to aircraft and to
automobiles. Coachbuilder Pininfarina (known as Pinin Farina up until
1960) approached Morelli and asked him to apply his research into
something practical: an extremely efficient, low-drag family sedan.
The
diamond layout that he chose allowed a narrow cross section at the
front that widened toward the middle and tapered away toward the rear,
an ideal aerodynamic shape, he argued. The front wheel would thus steer,
the middles would serve as outriggers and the rear would drive the car.
He chose a 43hp 1,089cc four-cylinder engine and four-speed
transmission from a Fiat 1100 to power it (installed at an angle behind
the right rear quarter panel and driving the rear wheel via a V-drive
apparatus) and suspended it with synthetic rubber at each wheel. The
fins at the rear, according to Ludvigsen and Morelli, had nothing to do
with American automotive fashion; instead, they actually helped to
counter the loss of stabilization that came as a result of the highly
aerodynamic shape.
Pininfarina
built Morelli’s concept, tested it extensively, and even drove it up to
90 MPH, about 20 percent faster than a stock Fiat 1100 was capable of.
The company displayed it at the Turin Auto Show in November 1960 and at
Brussels in 1961. Battista Farina reportedly shopped the X around to
carmakers to see if they would built it, but found it a tough pitch.
Perhaps that had something to do with Pininfarina asking Morelli to
follow up the X with the Pininfarina Y, a two-door car with a similar
aerodynamic shape but with a conventional rectangular wheel layout. That
car, which was based on a Fiat 600 D and debuted at Turin in 1961,
rated a coefficient of drag of 0.27 – better than pretty much any car on
the road at the time, but not nearly as efficient as the Model X –
seeming to prove that Morelli was onto something by selecting the
diamond layout.
As
for the X, it remained in Pininfarina’s possession until 2007, when
Pininfarina’s museum sold the unrestored car. Three years later,
collector car dealer Aero Toy Store in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, began
to offer the X for sale, first on Hemmings.com for $1.35 million and
shortly after on the company’s own site for $3 million. The X now will cross the block with no reserve.
Barrett-Jackson’s Scottsdale auction will take place January 10-18. For more information, visit Barrett-Jackson.com.
- See more at:
http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2014/12/24/diamond-layout-1960-pininfarina-x-heads-to-auction/?refer=news#sthash.h6uX0I9W.dpuf
Click Here to read all about this vehicle and to view more photos.
Photos courtesy Barrett-Jackson.
Zero
point two-zero, or better than the Tatra T77 and almost as good as the
GM EV1. That’s the coefficient of drag rating for the 1960 Pininfarina
X, one of the most aerodynamic cars built and one of the oddest, thanks
to its diamond-shaped wheel layout. It also makes it the most
aerodynamically efficient vehicle to cross the block at next month’s
Barrett-Jackson sale.
Other prototypes and even production cars used the unconventional diamond layout over the years. Sunbeam
produced a hundred or so around the turn of the century, Wolseley and
Voisin had each proposed such a vehicle before World War II, and a
California tinkerer named H. Gordon Hansen
designed and built his own Gordon Diamond by 1947, but all for
different reasons. Hansen, for instance, designed his largely as a
safety car and figured that the best way to fit a perimeter bumper to a
car was to rearrange the positions of the wheels.
Alberto Morelli had an entirely different purpose in designing the Pininfarina X, as Karl Ludvigsen wrote in Hemmings Sports & Exotic Car #53.
A professor at Turin’s Polytechnic University, Morelli had a deep
interest in aerodynamics as they applied both to aircraft and to
automobiles. Coachbuilder Pininfarina (known as Pinin Farina up until
1960) approached Morelli and asked him to apply his research into
something practical: an extremely efficient, low-drag family sedan.
The
diamond layout that he chose allowed a narrow cross section at the
front that widened toward the middle and tapered away toward the rear,
an ideal aerodynamic shape, he argued. The front wheel would thus steer,
the middles would serve as outriggers and the rear would drive the car.
He chose a 43hp 1,089cc four-cylinder engine and four-speed
transmission from a Fiat 1100 to power it (installed at an angle behind
the right rear quarter panel and driving the rear wheel via a V-drive
apparatus) and suspended it with synthetic rubber at each wheel. The
fins at the rear, according to Ludvigsen and Morelli, had nothing to do
with American automotive fashion; instead, they actually helped to
counter the loss of stabilization that came as a result of the highly
aerodynamic shape.
Pininfarina
built Morelli’s concept, tested it extensively, and even drove it up to
90 MPH, about 20 percent faster than a stock Fiat 1100 was capable of.
The company displayed it at the Turin Auto Show in November 1960 and at
Brussels in 1961. Battista Farina reportedly shopped the X around to
carmakers to see if they would built it, but found it a tough pitch.
Perhaps that had something to do with Pininfarina asking Morelli to
follow up the X with the Pininfarina Y, a two-door car with a similar
aerodynamic shape but with a conventional rectangular wheel layout. That
car, which was based on a Fiat 600 D and debuted at Turin in 1961,
rated a coefficient of drag of 0.27 – better than pretty much any car on
the road at the time, but not nearly as efficient as the Model X –
seeming to prove that Morelli was onto something by selecting the
diamond layout.
As
for the X, it remained in Pininfarina’s possession until 2007, when
Pininfarina’s museum sold the unrestored car. Three years later,
collector car dealer Aero Toy Store in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, began
to offer the X for sale, first on Hemmings.com for $1.35 million and
shortly after on the company’s own site for $3 million. The X now will cross the block with no reserve.
Barrett-Jackson’s Scottsdale auction will take place January 10-18. For more information, visit Barrett-Jackson.com.
- See more at:
http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2014/12/24/diamond-layout-1960-pininfarina-x-heads-to-auction/?refer=news#sthash.h6uX0I9W.dpuf